Approximately 5-10% of all cancers are hereditary. An additional 10-30% of individuals may be at increased risk because they have close family members who also had cancer, suggesting a familial link, even though no specific hereditary link was found.
There are many types of familial cancers. For example, in certain families, women have a higher propensity to develop breast and/or ovarian cancer. This is known as Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer syndrome (HBOC), which is often caused by an inherited mutation in either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene (BRCA1/2). Harmful variants in BRCA1/2 may lead to an increased chance of developing other cancers as well, such as fallopian tube, peritoneal, melanoma, pancreas, and/or prostate cancer. More than 2,600 harmful mutations have been found in BRCA1/2.
Analysis of hereditary cancer genes involves a step-by-step look through the DNA of each gene for changes, known as mutations. Our panel looks at the 47 more common genes associated with increased risk of developing hereditary breast, ovarian, uterine, colorectal, gastric, prostate, melanoma, and pancreatic cancers.
Genetic testing is most commonly performed on blood but can also be performed on saliva, tissue, or banked DNA.